Your vehicle’s braking system is vital for both safety and control, but like any other system, it’s
prone to wear and tear over time. While regular maintenance can keep things running smoothly,
it’s important to know the signs of brake issues so you can address them before they lead to
bigger, more expensive problems—or worse, an accident. In this article, we’ll walk through the
most common brake issues, their causes, and what you can do about them.
Table of Contents
Common Brake Issues
Squeaking, Squealing, or Grinding Noises
Squeaking or squealing noises when you apply the brakes are often caused by worn-out brake
pads. Most brake pads have a built-in wear indicator, a small metal tab that makes contact with
the rotor when the pad gets too thin, creating that high-pitched sound to alert you it’s time for a
replacement.
Grinding noises, on the other hand, are more serious. This usually means the brake pads are
completely worn through, and the metal backing plate is now rubbing against the rotor. This can
cause serious damage to the rotor, making it much more costly to repair.
See: Difference between ceramic and metallic brake pads
How to Fix It
- Replace Brake Pads: If you catch the issue early, simply replacing the brake pads should solve
- the problem.
- Inspect Rotors: If grinding noises are present, you may need to have the rotors resurfaced or
- replaced, depending on the extent of the damage.
Soft or Spongy Brake Pedal
A soft or spongy brake pedal usually indicates an issue with the brake fluid system. It could
mean there’s air trapped in the brake lines or a leak in the hydraulic system, which reduces the
pressure needed for effective braking. In some cases, a spongy brake pedal may also be a sign of worn brake hoses or a failing master cylinder, both of which
need immediate attention.
How to Fix It
- Check Brake Fluid Levels: If the fluid is low, top it off, but check for leaks.
- Bleed the Brakes: This process removes air from the brake lines, restoring proper hydraulic
pressure. - Inspect for Leaks: If you find fluid on or near the brake components, have the lines and hoses
checked by a professional.
Vibration or Shaking When Braking
Feeling a vibration in the steering wheel or brake pedal when applying the brakes is often a sign of uneven or warped brake disc surface. Warping occurs when the brake disc (rotors) become uneven due to heat buildup from excessive or hard braking. The uneven surface causes the brake pads to grip inconsistently, resulting in a shaky or pulsating sensation. Additionally, worn suspension components can contribute to brake vibrations, making it important to inspect both the braking and suspension systems to address the issue effectively.
How to Fix It
- Resurface or Replace Rotors: In some cases, the rotors can be resurfaced to restore smoothness, but if they’re too worn, replacement is necessary.
- Check Suspension: If the vibration persists after addressing the rotors, have your suspension
- inspected as well.
Brake Pedal Feels Hard or Difficult to Press
A stiff or hard-to-press brake pedal often points to a problem with the brake booster. This critical component uses vacuum pressure to assist with braking, and without its support, you may find yourself needing to apply much more force to stop the vehicle. Other possible causes of this issue include a faulty vacuum hose connected to the brake booster or a blocked vacuum supply. Addressing these problems promptly is essential for maintaining safe braking performance.
How to Fix It
- Inspect the Brake Booster: If it’s failing, you’ll need to replace it.
- Check Vacuum Hoses: Look for cracks or leaks in the vacuum hose and replace if necessary.
Car Pulling to One Side When Braking
If your vehicle pulls to one side during braking, it’s often a sign that one of the brakes isn’t functioning properly. This issue can arise from a stuck brake caliper or unevenly worn brake pads, which lead to an imbalance in braking force. Another possible cause could be uneven tire wear or alignment issues, though these problems typically manifest even when you’re not applying the brakes. Identifying and addressing the root cause promptly ensures safer and more consistent braking performance.
How to Fix It
- Inspect Brake Calipers: Check for stuck calipers or uneven brake pad wear. Replacing the
- affected parts should resolve the issue.
- Check Wheel Alignment: If the calipers and pads are in good condition, consider having your
- vehicle’s alignment checked.
Brake Warning Light On
The brake warning light is designed to alert you to potential issues within the braking system. It
could be something as simple as low brake fluid, or it could indicate a more serious issue, like a
malfunctioning ABS system or problems with the master cylinder.
How to Fix It
- Check Brake Fluid: Topping off the fluid may turn off the light, but it’s essential to check for
- leaks.
- Have a Professional Scan the System: If the light stays on, a mechanic can use diagnostic tools
- to identify the specific problem.
Burning Smell after Braking
A strong burning smell after heavy braking, particularly when driving downhill, typically signals overheated brakes. Excessive heat in the braking system can lead to brake fade, a condition where the brakes lose some or all of their stopping power. If this issue occurs frequently, it might indicate seized calipers or dragging brake pads, which means the brakes aren’t fully releasing when you take your foot off the pedal. Addressing these problems promptly is crucial to ensure safe and efficient braking.
How to Fix It
- Cool the Brakes: If you notice a burning smell, pull over and let the brakes cool down.
- Continuing to drive could cause serious damage to the braking components.
- Inspect for Seized Calipers: Have a mechanic check for stuck calipers or dragging brake pads,
- which may require cleaning or replacing.
Regular Brake Maintenance
The best way to prevent brake issues is through regular maintenance and timely inspections. Routine checks of the brake pads, rotors, fluid levels, and other components can help identify and address potential problems before they escalate into major safety concerns.
If you notice any of the symptoms mentioned—such as spongy pedals, vibrations, or pulling while braking—it’s crucial to have your brakes inspected promptly. Ignoring these signs can lead to costly repairs and compromise your safety on the road.
At Vonos Autos, we specialize in diagnosing and resolving brake issues with precision and care. Our skilled team is committed to ensuring your vehicle’s braking system operates at peak performance, giving you confidence and peace of mind on every drive. Schedule a session with us today and drive with safety and assurance!
